Below The Hook - Rigging Resource Centre

Below the Hook

A library of safety standards and technical data for the selection and use of below-the-hook lifting devices. This resource provides verified insights into design factors, removal criteria, and mandatory identification requirements to ensure compliance with Alberta OH&S and ASME B30 standards. Beyond technical specs, we address common industry misconceptions to clarify complex rigging regulations.

Key Focus Areas:

Identification: Standards for mandatory tags and rated load markings.
Inspections: Requirements for initial, every lift, frequent, and periodic assessments.
Environmental Limitations: Guidelines for temperature and chemical exposure.
Operating Practices: Proper rigging practices and load control.

The following information is compliant with ASME B30.20 Below-the-hook Lifting Devices.
For more detailed information, please refer to the full ASME standard.

General Information

TRAINING

The operator must be trained by a designated person. Training should include, but not be limited to:

1. Application of the lifting device to the load and material-handling device, including adjustments for different load sizes or types
2. Special operations or precautions
3. Manufacturer’s recommended operating procedures
4. Load conditions required for safe operation (balance, cleanliness, flatness, bending, thickness)
5. Proper storage of the lifting device to prevent damage
6. Not exceeding rated load of the lifting device or hoisting equipment (considering combined weight of load, device, and rigging)
7. For vacuum lifters and lifting magnets, charging of batteries
8. For vacuum lifters and lifting magnets, the purpose of indicators, meters or alarms
9. Correct attachment of adapters for special load handling
10. The operator must show they can operate the lifting device as instructed before taking responsibility for its use.
11. The operator must demonstrate understanding of standard hand signals, when applicable.

Operator Responsibilities

The operator is responsible for the following items.

The operator is not responsible for hazards or conditions outside their direct control that affect safe operation.
If the operator has any doubt about safety, they must place the load in a safe condition and stop the lifting device in a controlled manner.
Operation may resume only after safety concerns are resolved or the owner directs continuation.

Responsibilities:

(a) Review lifting device requirements with the owner before operations
(b) Know site conditions that could affect safe operation and consult with the owner about them
(c) Understand and apply the manufacturer’s operating instructions
(d) Understand the lifting device’s functions, limitations, and operating characteristics
(e) Ensure inspection is performed before every lift
(f) Report the need for adjustments or repairs promptly to a designated person
(g) Follow lockout/tagout procedures
(h) Do not operate when physically or mentally unfit
(i) Ensure all controls are in off/neutral and everybody is clear before energizing
(j) For vacuum lifters and lifting magnets, ensure all controls are in off/neutral and everybody is clear before energizing
(k) Function controls must be tested before use. Operate the lifting device only if controls respond properly.
(l) Operate functions smoothly and in a controlled manner under normal conditions
(m) Follow manufacturer or qualified person’s procedures for assembly, disassembly, setup, and rigging/reeving
(n) Consider all factors affecting rated load and inform owner if adjustments are needed
(o) Understand basic load attachment procedures
(p) Follow instructions only from designated persons, but always obey a stop order from anyone.
(q) Not make any modifications or alterations to the lifting device
(r) Ensure all personnel remain clear of the load

Design Factor

Construction Requirements for Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices

Design Verification

All lifting devices must be designed in accordance with ASME BTH-1.
Use Design Category B (static strength) and select proper Service Class based on expected load cycles.
Design Category A may be used only when loads are predictable, conditions are well-defined, and service is not severe (Service Class 0).

Welding

Welding must comply with ASME BTH-1, para. 1-4.6.

Electrical Equipment

External power supply, electrical equipment, and wiring must meet ASME BTH-1 requirements.

Guards for Moving Parts

Exposed moving parts (gears, shafts, chain drives) that pose hazards under normal operation must be guarded.

Alterations & Rerating

Devices may be altered or rerated only if changes are analyzed and approved by the manufacturer or a qualified person.
Modified devices must conform to design requirements and be tested per applicable paragraphs.
New rated load must be clearly displayed.

Additional Components

Slings: Must comply with ASME B30.9.
Hooks: Must comply with ASME B30.10.
Rigging Hardware: Must comply with ASME B30.26.

Special Device Notes

Vacuum Lifters: Design under qualified supervision.
Lifting Magnets: Controllers should have voltage/amperage indicators; disconnects not required for 120 VAC single-phase.
Grapples: Grapple magnets must meet lifting magnet requirements.
Clamps: Same design rules as structural devices; guard moving parts.

Marking Requirements for Lifting Devices
General Principles
All lifting devices must be marked to ensure safe operation, proper identification, and compliance with ASME B30.20 standards. Markings must be legible, durable, and placed where they are clearly visible to the operator.

Rated Load

Each lifting device must display its rated load on the main structure or on a securely attached tag.
If the device consists of multiple detachable components, each component must be marked with its individual rated load.
For devices with multiple configurations, the manufacturer or a qualified person must determine an appropriate marking method. If additional information (e.g., load charts or calculations) is referenced, it must be in a document with a unique identifier and readily available to the user.
Clamps must display both maximum and minimum rated loads where applicable.

Identification

Manufacturer’s name and contact information
Serial number (unique identifier)
Device weight (if over 100 lb / 45 kg)
Rated load
Electrical specifications (voltage, current, power requirements)
Hydraulic or pneumatic requirements (pressure, volume)
Duty cycle (for magnets)
ASME BTH-1 Design Category and Service Class
Special notes (e.g., clamps designed only for anchoring or positioning)

Repaired or Altered Devices

Repairer’s name and contact information
Unit identification
Updated weight, rated load, and any altered electrical/hydraulic specifications
ASME BTH-1 Design Category and Service Class (if changed)

Note: This does not apply to minor repairs involving maintenance part replacement.

Product Safety Labels

Labels must be affixed in a readable position where size and shape allow.
Labels must include: ANSI Z535.4-compliant signal word, hazard warnings, accident prevention methods, and reference to the instruction manual.
If space is limited, include a label directing the user to consult the manual.
Additional cautions for: Battery-operated magnets (low battery risk), externally powered magnets (duty cycle, disconnect warnings), permanent magnets (control latch or cycle indicators).

Operating Controls

All controls must be clearly marked to indicate their function or resulting motion.
For coded markings, provide an explanatory tag or label nearby.

Device-Specific Notes

Vacuum Devices: Include compressed air requirements.
Magnets: Include duty cycle, cold current, and voltage details.
Clamps: Mark both maximum and minimum rated loads.
Grapples: Include hydraulic pressure specifications.

Temperature

The temperature of the load must not exceed the manufacturer’s maximum allowable temperature limits

Inspections & Removal Criteria

Inspection

General Requirements

(a) All inspections must be performed by a designated person; hazards assessed by a qualified person.
(b) Follow ASME standards for slings, hooks, rigging hardware, and applicable lifting devices.
(c) Ensure compliance for vacuum lifters, magnets, grapples, and clamps under unified safety protocols.

Inspection Types

Initial: Before first use and after any alterations or repairs.
Every Lift: Visual check by operator before and during each lift.

Inspection Intervals

Frequent Inspections:
- Normal Service: Monthly
- Heavy Service: Weekly to Monthly
- Severe Service: Daily to Weekly
- Special Service: As recommended by manufacturer
Periodic Inspections (Documented):
- Normal Service: Yearly
- Heavy Service: Semiannual
- Severe Service: Quarterly
- Special Service: As recommended by manufacturer

Every Lift Inspection

Operators must inspect the following before and/or during each lift for signs of damage or malfunction:

(a) Load surface and contact surface condition
(b) Proper engagement
(c) Controls (if installed) — verify condition and proper operation
(d) Indicators/meters (if installed) — confirm condition and correct operation

Frequent Inspection:
Lifting devices must be inspected at the intervals stated above. If any hazard or unsafe condition is found, the device must be taken out of service. A qualified person will determine whether the issue is dangerous, needs repair, requires further inspection, or means inspections should be done more often. The device can only be put back into service once a qualified person approves it.

Periodic Inspection
Lifting devices must undergo a full inspection at the intervals stated above. If any unsafe condition is found, the lifting device must be taken out of service. A qualified person must decide whether the issue is dangerous, needs repair, requires further inspection, or means inspections should be done more often. The lifting device can only be put back into service once a qualified person approves it. Inspections should follow the manufacturer’s instructions or the guidance of a qualified person

Lifting Devices Not In Regular Use

Devices idle for 1 month to 1 year must be inspected following frequent inspection guidelines before use.
Devices idle for 1 year or more must be inspected following periodic inspection guidelines before being returned to service.

Inspection Records

Dated inspection reports must be made for all critical items.
Records must be available for each periodic inspection and whenever the lifting device is altered or repaired.

Removal Criteria

A lifting device must be removed from service if any condition exists that could result in unsafe performance. Limits must be as established by the manufacturer or a qualified person. A device may only be returned to service when approved by a qualified person.

Removal criteria include, but are not limited to, the following:

1. Structural and Mechanical Conditions

(a) deformation, cracks, bends, distortion, or excessive wear
(b) excessive pitting, corrosion, nicks, gouges, or indications of heat damage
(c) damaged, distorted, or worn threads, or the presence of foreign material on threaded surfaces
(d) damaged, distorted, or worn pins, springs, cams, or connecting links
(e) cracked welds, bent or distorted components, or other structural damage
(f) impaired, seized, bound, or improperly functioning moving parts or bail assemblies
(g) damaged body components, including elongated pin holes or loss of structural integrity

2. Missing or Incorrect Components

(a) loose, damaged, or missing guards, fasteners, covers, stops, or nameplates
(b) unauthorized welds, modifications, or replacement parts
(c) loose or missing electrical connections, improper continuity, damaged insulation, or plugs/connectors showing wear
(d) missing, damaged, or unreadable gauges, indicators, control markings, capacity markings or product safety labels

3. Functional or Operational Deficiencies

(a) improper assembly or improper functioning of any controls, indicators, or warning devices
(b) inability to achieve required operational performance as specified by the manufacturer
- incorrect operation of mechanical, hydraulic, electrical, or magnetic control devices
- electrical characteristics that fall outside manufacturer recommendations
- improper battery electrolyte level or corrosion on posts or connectors (for applicable magnetic devices)

4. Surface and Load-Contact Issues (as applicable)

(a) lifting, gripping, or supporting surfaces showing:
(b) excessive wear
(c) contamination
(d) foreign material
(e) broken, chipped, or damaged areas
(f) lack of integrity or bond of surface material
(g) reduced coefficient of friction (vacuum pads)
(h) gripping teeth or gripping materials that are worn, broken, clogged, or detached

5. Vacuum System Conditions (vacuum lifters only)

(a) vacuum leaks exceeding manufacturer specifications
(b) inability to reach the designated minimum vacuum level
(c) contaminated, excessively worn, or damaged vacuum pad seals
(d) vacuum hoses or fittings that are:
(e) loose, disconnected, kinked, collapsed, or damaged
(f) equipped with dirty or missing filters

6. Electrical and Magnetic System Conditions (magnet devices)

(a) improper On/Off handle motion, restricted movement, or impaired engagement
(b) lifting surfaces with excessive wear, damage, or conditions preventing full contact with the load

7. Other Hazardous Conditions

(a) any other visible damage or condition that causes doubt about continued safe use
(b) any condition judged unsafe by a qualified person

Repairs

Deficiencies found during the inspection must be corrected following the manufacturer’s procedures before the lifting device is used again, unless a qualified person determines the deficiency does not pose a hazard.

Operational Tests

New, reinstalled, altered, modified, or repaired below the hook lifting devices must be tested by a qualified person, or a designated person under the direction of the manufacturer or a qualified person.

What Must Be Tested

Testing must verify proper operation of all applicable components, including:

(a) moving parts
(b) latches or locking mechanisms
(c) stops, switches, limit switches, and control devices
(d) alarms, indicator lights, gauges, horns, bells, pointers, and other warning devices
(e) vacuum system components (vacuum pad seals, vacuum lines, vacuum level indicators)
(f) leak integrity of vacuum systems (vacuum level shall not drop more than the manufacturer-specified rate)
(g) visual condition of grapples to ensure no hazardous defects

Altered or Repaired Devices

Testing may be limited to the components affected by the alteration or repair, as determined by a qualified person with guidance from the manufacturer.

Records

Dated reports of all operational tests must be recorded and filed.

See ASME B30.20 for device‑specific testing requirements

Load Test

See ASME B30.20 for device‑specific load test requirements.

Maintenance

(a) Maintenance Program
- A maintenance program must be established based on the lifting device manufacturer’s recommendations.
- A qualified person may add further requirements after reviewing the device’s application and operations.
(b) Maintenance Procedure
Before starting adjustments or repairs, the following precautions must be taken:
- (a) Disconnect all power sources, lock them out, and tag the device “Out of Service.”
- (b) Any device removed from service for repair must be tagged “Out of Service.”
- (c) Relieve fluid pressure from all circuits before loosening or removing fluid power components.

See ASME B30.20 for device‑specific requirements.

Operating Practices

All BTH Devices

1. Authorized Operators

Lifting devices must be operated only by:

(a) designated persons
(b) trainees under direct supervision of a designated person (supervision and limits determined by a qualified person)
(c) maintenance and test personnel when required for their duties
(d) inspectors as needed

Operators must not use any device tagged “Out of Service.”

2. Basic Operating Requirements

Operators must:

(a) verify the load weight and approximate centre of gravity
(b) never exceed the rated load
(c) use the device only for its intended purpose
(d) attach the device properly to hooks, shackles, or handling devices
(e) follow all manufacturer instructions
(f) ensure ropes, chains, slings, hoses, or lines are not kinked, twisted, or bound
(g) confirm the load is secure, balanced, and properly distributed
(h) ensure the load temperature does not exceed device limits
(i) avoid contact with obstructions during lifting
(j) protect the device from damage
(k) avoid side pulls or sliding lifts unless approved by a qualified person
(l) land the load before leaving; never leave a suspended load unattended
(m) ensure no personnel ride the load or lifting device
(n) guide loads safely to avoid hazards to hands or body parts
(o) monitor the device for proper operation during use
(p) remove the device from service and tag “Out of Service” if hazardous deficiencies are observed

3. Miscellaneous Practices

(a) “Out of Service” tags must not be removed except by the person who placed them or a designated person
(b) devices must be stored in assigned locations when not in use
(c) markings, labels, and tags must not be defaced or removed; missing/illegible ones must be replaced
(d) “Out of Service” tags must not be removed unless approved by the person who placed them or a designated person.

Vacuum Lifters

Device-Specific Requirements

(a) vacuum lines shall be free of kinks, twists, loops, or obstructions
(b) pad contact surfaces shall be clean and free of debris
(c) before lifting, verify vacuum indicator reaches required level
(d) test-lift load a few inches to confirm stable vacuum
(e) in case of power failure, warn personnel and land load if possible

Instruction Manuals – General Requirements:

The manufacturer must provide operating instructions, safety precautions (where applicable), and maintenance and parts information for the lifting device.
Devices that rely on special operating conditions (such as vacuum lifters, lifting magnets, or clamps) must also include a statement identifying the factors that affect lifting capacity and the limitations associated with those conditions.

Capacity-Affecting Factors:

The instruction manual must describe how operating conditions influence lifting capacity, including:

(a) Load rigidity – may cause uneven loading of vacuum pads and structure; may vary with load orientation
(b) Load strength – loads may be stressed or damaged by their weight or pad force
(c) Load surface condition – rough, uneven, or low-friction surfaces reduce pad sealing and lifting capability
(d) Load overhang – overhanging portions may deflect or peel away from pad seals
(e) Load angle – friction becomes critical when the load is not horizontal
(f) Number of pads fully engaged – lifting capacity changes with the number of effective pads
(g) Load temperature – elevated temperatures may damage pads or reduce pad effectiveness
(h) Elevation and vacuum level – achievable vacuum varies with altitude; reduced vacuum lowers pad capacity

Lifting Magnets

Device-Specific Requirements

(a) magnet face and load contact surface shall be clean
(b) verify meters and indicators show proper operation
(c) ensure adjustable controls are set to full power/on before lifting more than 2 in.
(d) energize/attach magnet only when in contact with load
(e) avoid lifting multiple items unless permitted (flux-loss hazard)
Battery-Operated Magnets
- (f) confirm stable current for 5 seconds before lifting
- (g) monitor battery condition during extended use
- (h) charge batteries in ventilated areas per manufacturer instructions
- (i) wear required PPE when servicing batteries
Electrically Controlled Permanent Magnets
- (j) verify control indicators show proper function
Manually Controlled Permanent Magnets
- (k) confirm handle is fully in the “attach” position and the latch functions correctly

Instruction Manuals – General Requirements:

Capacity-Affecting Factors:

The instruction manual must describe how operating conditions influence lifting capacity, including:

(a) Load thickness – capacity increases with load thickness up to a “critical thickness”; thinner loads transmit less magnetic flux
(b) Load alloy – some alloys accept less magnetic flux than low-carbon steel, reducing capacity
(c) Load surface condition – any air gap (rust, paint, dirt, scale, paper, roughness) reduces flux and lifting capacity
(d) Load length or width – long or wide loads may deflect or peel away from the magnet face, creating air gaps
(e) Load attitude – lifting capacity decreases sharply as surfaces move from horizontal to vertical; dependent on friction
(f) Contact area – full face contact is required for maximum capacity
(g) Load temperature – high temperatures may damage the magnet or alter magnetic characteristics; manuals shall include temperature limits

Clamps

Device-Specific Requirements

Selection and Setup

(a) follow manufacturer instructions to prevent load disengagement
(b) verify load meets minimum required weight for clamp function
(c) ensure compatibility with load material, hardness, and surface condition
(d) do not lift multiple or sagging plates unless manufacturer allows
(e) ensure all moving components operate freely
(f) use clamps only within the rated thickness range
(g) apply reduced ratings as required for non-vertical lifts
(h) use lock mechanisms when provided

Operation

(i) determine load weight and centre of gravity
(j) do not exceed rated load
(k) ensure clamp and load surfaces are clean
(l) ensure slings (if used) are not kinked or twisted
(m) verify load is secure and balanced after clamping
(n) avoid contact with obstructions
(o) recheck clamp engagement each time the load is placed and picked up
(p) do not use clamps for side pulls unless approved
(q) land the load and disengage clamp before leaving (anchors exempt)
(r) follow manufacturer requirements when using multiple clamps
(s) use plate clamps only for a single plate unless authorized

Instruction Manuals – General Requirements:

Capacity-Affecting Factors:

The instruction manual must include specific information on conditions that influence lifting capability, including:

(a) Load temperature – manufacturer’s limits for elevated temperatures
(b) Load dimensions – size limitations for safe use
(c) Surface, shape, material, and hardness – acceptable conditions for the load, including roughness, coatings, rust, and other factors
(d) Interfacing surface condition – permissible wear, distortion, or damage to gripping components
(e) Environmental conditions – adverse effects of wind, rain, snow, and similar factors on rated load
(f) Lifting angle range – limitations on allowable lifting angles
(g) Minimum lifting force – minimum load required for reliable clamping; dependent on clamp wear and load hardness

Grapples

Device-Specific Requirements

(a) use only within rated capacity
(b) apply the grapple per manufacturer instructions
(c) avoid contact with obstructions
(d) land and store the grapple before leaving

Instruction Manuals – General Requirements:

Misconceptions

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If you have attended a training course you are a competent rigger.

Training is only one factor in being competent to carry out rigging tasks without supervision. You must also be qualified and have sufficient experience to work safely on your own.

Referenced Standards:

ALBERTA OHS ACT
1(d) “competent” in relation to a person, means adequately qualified, suitably trained and with sufficient experience to safely perform work without supervision or with only a minimal degree of supervision
(3)(a) If work is to be done that may endanger a worker, the employer must ensure that the work is done by a worker who is competent to do the work.

TRAINING

Workers using detachable load-indicating devices (LID’s) must have appropriate training in selection, inspection, usage and rigging practices. Including impacts on the work environment and other workers. Consulting the device’s original equipment manufacturer manual for specific instructions is recommended.

For more information, refer to the ASME standard B30.26-2015 Chapter 26-6 Detachable Load-Indicating Devices.

Load charts are not required for spreader beams as long as the capacity is marked on the spreader beam.

An employer must ensure below-the-hook lifting devices meet ASME Standards. A capacity data sheet may be used to label a spreader bar with it’s rated capacity. Where a capacity data sheet is used, employers must ensure the data sheet and corresponding spreader bar are identified by a unique numbering system.

Referenced Standard:

Alberta OHS CODE: Certification by a Professional Engineer

If this Code requires that a procedure or specification be certified by a professional engineer, the certification must

(a) be in writing, and
(b) be stamped and signed by the professional engineer.

14(2) Unless the document states otherwise, certification by a professional engineer implies that the procedures or specifications certified are fit and safe for the workers affected by them.

Approved equipment
15 If this Code requires equipment or personal protective equipment to be approved by a named organization, an employer must use best efforts to ensure that the seal, stamp, logo or similar identifying mark of that organization is on the equipment or personal protective equipment and legible.

Specifications and certifications
15.1 If this Act, the regulations or this Code requires work to be done in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications or specifications certified by a professional engineer, an employer must make sure that specifications are readily available to the workers, supervisors, and other persons at the work site.

Rated Load Capacity
An employer must ensure that a lifting device has a plate or weatherproof label permanently secured to it that legibly shows

(a) the manufacturer’s rated load capacity
(b) the manufacturer’s name and
(c) the model, serial number and year of manufacture or shipment date

62(2) If a lifting device is not commercially manufactured, an employer must ensure that it has a plate or weatherproof label permanently secured to it that legibly shows the rated load capacity according to the professional engineers certification.

A spreader beam's capacity remains the same no matter what the lifting sling angles are.

If the spreader beam is suspended from above with slings, as the horizontal sling angle reduces, the tension on the slings increases. Therefore the tension being applied increases which can cause the beam to bend and the amount of weight that it can safely lift becomes reduced.

Referenced Standards:

OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES

Operators are responsible for the conditions under their direct control. If safety is ever in doubt, operations must be stopped and the load secured until concerns are resolved.

Key operator responsibilities include:

Review lifting device requirements with the owner before use.
Be aware of site conditions that could affect safe operation and consult the owner.
Know the device’s functions, limitations, and operating characteristics.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

A spreader beam's lifting capacity remains the same no matter how many of its suspension points are used.

If the beam has multiple lifting points, the amount of weight the beam can lif may change depending on the lifting points utilized. Consultation with the data sheet associated with the particular spreader beam is vital before making a lift.

Referenced Standards:

TRAINING QUALIFICATIONS

Operators must be instructed by a designated person.

Training should cover:

How to apply the lifting device to loads and adjust for different sizes/types.
Special operations or precautions.
Manufacturer’s operating procedures.
Load conditions needed for safe lifting (balance, cleanliness, flatness, thickness).
Proper storage to prevent damage.
Not exceeding rated load or hoist capacity (including lifter and rigging weight).
Correct attachment of adapters for special loads.

OPERATOR COMPETENCY:

Operators must demonstrate their ability to operate the lifting device as instructed before taking on the responsibility. They must show understanding of standard hand signals, when applicable.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

If the spreader beam has a Non-destructive Testing (NDT) report, it means it has been inspected as per the manufacturer's specifications.

An NDT report normally only indicates the qiality of the welding on a piece of equipment or the condition of the welds at the time of inspection. It may not include the full inspection criteria expected by the manufacturer and therefore operators should always conduct their own visual pre-use check before use.

Reference Standards:

INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS

Periodic inspections must be conducted at intervals specified by the manufacturer. These inspections should include:

Loose bolts or fasteners
Cracked or worn components (gears, pulleys, sheaves, sprockets, bearings, drive chains, belts)
Excessive wear on friction pads, linkages, and other mechanical parts
Wear at hoist hooking points and load support clevises or pins
Missing or illegible safety labels

Any deficiencies found must be evaluated to determine if they pose a hazard and reported per company requirements.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

Only the structure of the spreader beam needs to be inspected, the rigging attached coes not need to be included.

Any piece of rigging that is attached to a spreader beam must be individually inspected per its own inspection criteria before they can be used. This sometimes requires rigging to be dismantled in order to carry out a proper inspection.

Referenced Standards:

INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS

Periodic inspections must be conducted at intervals specified by the manufacturer. These inspections should include:

Loose bolts or fasteners
Cracked or worn components (gears, pulleys, sheaves, sprockets, bearings, drive chains, belts)
Excessive wear on friction pads, linkages, and other mechanical parts
Wear at hoist hooking points and load support clevises or pins
Missing or illegible safety labels

Any deficiencies found must be evaluated to determine if they pose a hazard and reported per company requirements.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

INSPECTION RECORDS:

Inspection reports must be documented with the date of inspection and critical items observed and be readily available for review during periodic insections or when the lifting device is altered or repaired.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2018 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

The capacity of an adjustable or extendable spreader beam is constand regardless of its length.

As the length of a spreader beam increases, the Working Load Limit (WLL) typically decreases. This is because the forces on the beam will cause it to want to flex. It is vital to consult the data sheet associated with the spreader beam before making a lift to confirm its rated capacity if adjusted.

Referenced Standards:

OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES

Workers operating lifting devices are responsible for safe operation within their control. If safety is in doubt, operations must be stopped and the load secured until concerns are resolved.

Refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices for more detailed information.

If you have attended a training course you are a competent rigger.

Training is only one factor in being competent to carry out rigging tasks without supervision. You must also be qualified and have sufficient experience to work safely on your own.

Referenced Standards:

TRAINING

For more information, refer to the ASME standard B30.26-2015 Chapter 26-6 Below-the-hook Lifting Devices.

Plate clamps can be used at all temperatures without affecting their capabilities or application.

Temperature ranges can vary from manufacturer to manufacturer and must be confirmed by the user. Review all manufacturer specifications prior to use.

Referenced Standards:

CLAMP OPERATORS

Workers operating plate clamps must be adequately trained and designated by the company.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

The thickness of material being lifted does not matter as long as it is within the ranges marked on the plate clamp.

Some clamps are capable of lifting material thicknesses from zero to the maximum jaw width. However, other clamps are restricted to minimum thicknesses. The Working Load Limit (WLL ) usually increases as the minimum thickness of material increases.

Referenced Standards:

CLAMP OPERATORS

Workers operating plate clamps must be adequately trained and designated by the company.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

Plate clamps have no minimum weight requirements as long as the jaw is able to grip the material and is within its maximum rating.

Plate clamps are expected to have a minimum amount of weight attached to them when lifting in order for the jaw to engage correctly. This minimum rating can vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. Riggers must review manufacturer specifications for the particular plate clamps prior to use.

Referenced Standards

MARKING REQUIREMENTS

Every clamp must clearly show its maximum weight limit (and minimum, if required) on the main body or on a visible tag.
If there’s a minimum weight requirement, it will be set by the manufacturer or a qualified expert.

Refer to the ASME Standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices for more detailed information.

CLAMP OPERATORS

Workers operating plate clamps must be adequately trained and designated by the company.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

Plate clamps can be used at various horizontal angles when attached to the load.

Universal plate clamps are designed to be used at all angles, but are not rated at full Working Load Limit (WLL) for all angles. As the clamp is used away from the vertical, the rating of the clamp will reduce. The amount it reduces will depend on the angle and may differ from one manufacturer to another.

Referenced Standards

OPERATOR RESPONSIBILITIES

Pre-Operation Duties include:

Review clamp requirements with the owner.
Understand site conditions that may affect clamp operation.
Know and apply manufacturer’s operating manual.
Understand clamp functions, limitations, and characteristics.
Ensure inspection before every lift (per para. 20-6.3.2).
Report needed adjustments or repairs promptly.
Follow lockout/tagout procedures.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

The load material does not matter when using plate clamps.

Plate clamps are designed with a variety of teeth patterns to apply on a variety of different materials. No plate clamp is suitable for all materials as some teeth may not grip certain materials well and others may damage the material being lifted.

Referenced Standards

OPERATING PRACTICES

Clamp Selection & Setup:

Follow manufacturer’s instructions to prevent disengagement.
Ensure load meets minimum requirements and is within clamp’s thickness range.
Use correct clamp for material type, hardness, and surface condition.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

Plate clamps can lift multiple plates at the same time.

The majority of plate clamps are not designed to lift multiple plates as it is impossible to ensure the plates will not slip out from between each other.

Referenced Standards:

OPERATING PRACTICES

Only trained and designated workers, supervised trainees, maintenance/test personnel, and inspectors may operate clamps. Do not lift multiple or sagging plates.

Follow manufacturer’s instructions for multiple clamps. Plate clamps should lift only one plate unless approved by the manufacturer.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

Plate clamps are rated at both vertical and horizontal angles.

Some universal plate clamps can lift in both planes. However, many can only be used for vertical applications.

Plate clamps are designed for flipping loads.

Many plate clamps cannot be used for flipping loads as they are restricted to vertical lifting only. Consult the manufacturer for limitations of the plate clamp being used.

There is no maximum acceptable amount of tooth wear on a plate clamp.

The teeth, along with the cam segment in the jaw of a plate clamp, are what grips the material during a lift. The amount of wear allowed on these parts is strictly governed by the manufacturer and must be monitored closely by the rigger. In many cases, the allowable amount of wear is as little as 50% of one tooth.

Plate clamps can be used without consulting the manufacturer specifications.

The operator shall be instructed on the use of the device by a trained and designated person. Instructions must include manufacturer suggested operating procedures. It is the rigger’s responsibility to understand the device’s functions, limitations, and operating characteristics before using it.

Referenced Standards:

CLAMP INSTALLATION

Workers using clamps must consult with the manufacturer’s instructions for each clamp.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

CLAMP OWNER RESPONSIBILITIES

Provide the Right Equipment. Make sure the clamp and all required parts meet safety standards and job needs.
Give Clear Instructions. Supply operating manuals, assembly/disassembly info, maintenance details, and warning labels.
Set Up Safety Programs. Have a plan for regular inspections, testing, and maintenance.
Use Qualified Operators. Only trained personnel should handle maintenance, repairs, and inspections. Operators must meet qualification requirements.
Check Before Use. Confirm all required inspections are done. Ensure the clamp can handle the planned lift safely.
Communicate Responsibilities. Make sure everyone involved knows their duties and the hazards.
Follow Applicable Regulations. Determine if other regulations apply to clamp operations.
Manage Site Conditions. Address risks like wind, rain, fog, extreme temperatures, or poor lighting.
Handle Safety Concerns. If an operator raises a concern, resolve it before continuing. Always follow manufacturer and industry safety standards.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

The clamp manufacturer must provide a manual that includes:

Instructions for operation, inspection, when to remove it from service, maintenance, and parts information.
An explain of what could change the clamp’s lifting ability
Guidelines for lifting loads hotter than normal.
Limits on the size of loads the clamp can handle.
What types of surfaces, shapes, materials, and hardness the clamp is designed for, including issues like rust, dirt, paint, or rough finishes.
How much wear or distortion is acceptable on parts that touch the load.
How wind, rain, snow, or other conditions affect lifting capacity.
The safe range of lifting angles.
The smallest load size needed for the clamp to grip properly (depends on wear and material hardness).

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20-2025 Below-The-Hook Lifting Devices.

If you have attended a training course you are a competent rigger.

Training is only one factor in being competent to carry out rigging tasks without supervision. You must also be qualified and have sufficient experience to work safely on your own.

Referenced Standards:

ALBERTA OHS ACT

1(d) “competent” in relation to a person, means adequately qualified, suitably trained and with sufficient experience to safely perform work without supervision or with only a minimal degree of supervision
(3)(a) If work is to be done that may endanger a worker, the employer must ensure that the work is done by a worker who is competent to do the work.

TRAINING

For more information, refer to the ASME standard B30.26-2015 Chapter 26-6 Below-the-hook Lifting Devices.

Horizontal clamps can be used for lifting flexible loads.

As the length of the load increases, the load begins to deflect and bend and can therefore slip out of the lifter jaws of the clamp. Refer to manufacturer instructions for restrictions of each horizontal clamp.

The found rating on horizontal clamps are for each individual device.

Horizontal clamps commonly come rated in pairs as this is the correct way to use them. Always refer to the manufacturer’s specifications to ensure proper ratings before use.

Referenced Standards:

Clamps shall only be operated by a person who is trained and designated by their employer to do so.

Clamp Load Rating & Identification

Clamp identification and load rating must be visible and identifiable before it can be used. Operators must check for required markings such as:

Rated Load
Manufacturer’s Information
Serial or Identification Number

All markings must be present and readable. If not, the operator is responsible for removing the clamp from service.

Horizontal clamps can be attached at all horizontal angles.

The sling angle that the horizontal clamps can be used at may vary depending on the style and manufacturer. Always consult with the manufacturer’s charts to be sure of proper application and angles.

If you have attended a training course you are a competent rigger.

Training is only one factor in being competent to carry out rigging tasks without supervision. You must also be qualified and have sufficient experience to work safely on your own.

Referenced Standards:

ALBERTA OHS ACT

TRAINING

For more information, refer to the ASME standard B30.26-2015 Chapter 26-6 Below-the-hook Lifting Devices.

Magnets can be used for lifting all types of steel.

The effectiveness of a magnet changes depending on the type of steel it is used with. Ratings can also change depending on the type of material. The magnet may also not be able to pick up a specific type of material.

Referenced Standards:

Markings

Lifting magnets must be clearly marked with permanent labels identifying the name of the manufacturer, its rated capaciy, serial number and weight. Additional markings may include orientation directions, centre of gravity markings and special operating instructions or limitations of the device.

Please refer to the ASME Standard B30.20-3.2.1 for more detailed information.

Magnets can be used on any thickness of material.

The thicker the material is generally better when using a lifting magnet. Most magnets are restricted to a minimum thickness of material.

Referenced Standards:

Operator Responsibilities:

Riggers are responsible for knowing the limitations of the lifting magnet being used by referencing the manufacturer’s operating manual. A lift test should also be performed prior to a lift to ensure the magnet will hold to its true strength.

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME Standard B30.20-3.4.3.2

A magnet's capacity is constant for various material selections. (I.e.: round bar vs. flat plate, etc.)

A magnet can lift a significantly heavier plate than a round bar, if it is capable of lifting both materials. Many magnets may only be capable of lifting one type of material. Consult the manufacturer for any restrictions that may apply.

Referenced Standards:

Riggers must ensure the lifting magnet being used is suitable for the load type. The ASME B30.20 standard requires that the chosen magnet match the material being lifted in order to ensure safe operation. A magnet designed only for flat plate is not automatically suitable for round bar, pipe, or billets.
The device must be engineered (e.g., with curved or special pole shoes) to safely grip rounded surfaces.

Material surface condition will not affect the magnet's capabilities.

The surface of both the magnet and the material being lifted must be clean and smooth. If not, the flow of the magnetic field between them will be affected and reduce the capacity of the magnet which could result in loss of the load.

Referenced Standards:

Lifting capacity of a lifting magnet will reduce when lifting:

Thin plate
Rusty, pitted or uneven surfaces
Hot materials
Curved or non-flat items
Dirty or scaled steel

For more detailed information, refer to the ASME standard B30.20.

Lifting magnets can be used for lifting at angles.

Excess care must always be taken to ensure a load is evenly distributed. Magnets should not be used for side pulling or sliding a load.

Referenced Standards:

Lifting Device Operating Practices

Operators must be trained and designated by the employer to operate lifting devices. This includes performing an inspection prior to each lift, not exceeding the rated capacity of the lifting device, ensuring proper load engagement, stabilizing the load before moving, ensuring other personnel remain clear of the load path and following manufacturer specifications for the lifting device used.

For more information, refer to the ASME Standard B30.20-3.4.4.

Magnets can be energized prior to contacting the load.

It is not a good practice to have the lifting magnet energized before making contact with the load as it could collect debris which would create an air gap between the magnet and the load. This will reduce the capacity and efficiency of the magnet.

Magnets can be used to lift loads that are flexible.

As the length or width of the load increases, the load begins to deflect and peel at the magnet face. This creates an air gap which reduces the capacity and efficiency of the magnet.

If you have attended a training course you are a competent rigger.

Training is only one factor in being competent to carry out rigging tasks without supervision. You must also be qualified and have sufficient experience to work safely on your own.

Referenced Standards:

TRAINING

For more information, refer to the ASME standard B30.26-2015 Chapter 26-6 Below-the-hook Lifting Devices.

If you have attended a training course you are a competent rigger.

Training is only one factor in being competent to carry out rigging tasks without supervision. You must also be qualified and have sufficient experience to work safely on your own.

Referenced Standards:

TRAINING

For more information, refer to the ASME standard B30.26-2015 Chapter 26-6 Below-the-hook Lifting Devices.

If you have attended a training course you are a competent rigger.

Training is only one factor in being competent to carry out rigging tasks without supervision. You must also be qualified and have sufficient experience to work safely on your own.

Referenced Standards:

TRAINING

For more information, refer to the ASME standard B30.26-2015 Chapter 26-6 Below-the-hook Lifting Devices.

Beam clamps can be used at all temperatures without affecting their capabilities or application.

Temperature ranges can vary from one manufacturer to another and must be confirmed by the user prior to conducting a lift.

Referenced Standards:

Beam clamps must only be used within their rated load capacity and rated conditions. Temperature may affect capacity or performance of the device; therefore the manufacturer’s derating rules must be applied. If environmental exposure from heat or cold creates a concern, the device shall be removed from service.

For more detailed information, refer to ASME B30.20-6.4.4 Clamp Operating Practices.

Beam clamps can be used at both horizontal and vertical angles when attached to the load.

Universal beam clamps are designed to be used at all angles, but are not rated at full WLL for all angles. As the clamp is used away from the vertical, the rating of the clamp is reduced. The amount the rating reduces is dependent on the angle and differs from one manufacturer to another. Some beam clamps are only designed for vertical (in-line) loading and for suspension, not for attaching directly to a load.

Referenced Standard:

Beam Clamp Operation

Clamps are intended for vertical loading only unless the manufacturer specifically provides a rated capacity for angular or off-axis loading. Using a clamp at a horizontal load angle introduces torsion or side-loading.

Operator Responsibilities

Operators must ensure the beam clamp is aligned with the load line, and prevent loading that applies force horizontally, sideways, or at an angle beyond what the manufacturer permits. This is to protect against clamp slippage or structural overload.

If horizontal angles create unsafe conditions, the lift must not proceed.
For more details, refer to the ASME Standard B30.20-6.4.4 .

Beam clamps can be used without consulting the manufacturer's specifications.

The operator shall be instructed in the proper use of the device by a trained and designated person. Instructions must include the manufacturer’s suggested operating procedures. It is the operator’s responsibility to understand the lifting device’s functions, limitations and particular operating characteristics before using it.

Referenced Standards:

Clamp Owner/User Responsibilities

Keep the clamp in safe condition through regular maintenance
Repair or replace worn or damaged parts
Follow the manufacturer’s maintenance schedule
Maintain maintenance records
Ensure only qualified persons perform repairs on clamps
Remove clamp from service if safe operation cannot be assured.

For more details, refer to the ASME Standard B30.20-6.4.3.2.

Questionnaires

Suppliers and Employers are equally responsible for ensuring the products supplied to and used at the job site are compliant with industry and legislative standards. Click on the appropriate questionnaire below when acquiring information from the supplier or manufacturer for each of the specified products.

Refer to Alberta OHS Act – Obligations of Worksite Parties and the applicable ASME B30.9 Standards.